I’m not as voracious a reader as I should be, so I’m usually reluctant to recommend books to people (“Thanks, I read that three years ago.”)
But if you’re in the communication business, you should read Frank Luntz’s Words that Work.
Yes, it pains me to agree with the man who helped Congress mislead America about global warming for the last 10 years (an anecdote that’s suspiciously absent from this book).
Yes, it hurts to admit that the inventor of “the death tax” (as opposed to “the estate tax”) understands words and communication better than almost anyone in America.
But he’s the best there is.
As with most books that claim to teach you everything you need to know, about 2/3 of the book is Luntz explaining how the first 1/3 is true by dropping famous names and bashing the morons on the left who “just don’t get it.” But the first 1/3 is worth the price. And to be honest, he’s got a point about most lefties.
Since most of you won’t give this guy your money (I understand), here’s the Cliff’s Notes version of the most instructive section: what he calls the Ten Rules of Successful Communication.
The basic theme of the book, and one that’s hammered home over and over, is “It doesn’t matter what you say, it matters what they hear.” These 10 rules, he says, will get you there.
1. Simplicity – Use small words. You’re trying to connect with your audiences, not impress them with your vocabulary. If you use a word they don’t understand, they will stop listening AND think that you’re pretentious.
2. Brevity – Use short sentences. If you can’t say it in a breath, folks won’t understand it. You may be willing to re-read your sentences to make sure you get the point, but your audience won’t.
3. Credibility Matters — as much as if not more than philosophy. I call this believability. Stephen Colbert calls it “truthiness.” It doesn’t matter if your message is true. If it sounds “unbelievable,” it won’t be believed.
4. Repetition — Consistency Matters. You will have to hammer home your message over and over before it sticks. So it better roll off your tongue (see #1 and #2).
5. Novelty — Offer something new. In product marketing, we call this “differentiation.” In politics, it’s the reason to NOT vote for the other guy. Within the non-profit world, it’s the reason someone should bother listening to you.
6. Sound — Good words sound good. I often tell clients to read their messages aloud. If they sound boring, they are. Luntz cites a lot of tag lines and product ad copy to prove his point (M&Ms melt in your mouth, quicker picker upper, etc.) But I think this makes sense for all messages. Use alliteration. Create an appealing cadence for your messages. Treat your OpEds like they are speeches.
7. Speak Aspirationally. (For the record, “Aspirationally” is his word, not mine, and seems to break rule #1, no?) No one likes a downer. (Read that again.) Aspiration is more attractive and memorable. It inspires. Focus on the promise of what could be, not how bad things are. In fact, check out a few Obama speeches. He clearly rips the current state of things, but he offers hope, promise, etc.
8. Visualize — Make them see it. Use language that conjures up mental images. One of Luntz’s favorite words is “imagine.” Tell a person to imagine something, and he will — using his favorite images and his favorite memories.
9. Ask a question. Sounds corny, but it works. It immediately engages people in a conversation whether they want to be included or not. State a fact and they look at you with a blank stare. Ask a question and people answer it.
10. Provide Context and Explain Relevance. Finally, a point I can argue with Luntz. “Relevance” is one of my Top 5 message rules, and I think that if you have to explain it, you’ve already lost the audience. The best messages are INSTANTLY relevant to audiences. If you have to explain a punch line, the joke isn’t funny. If you have to explain a message, it’s not as strong as it needs to be.
If you don’t want to give the guy any of your money (I understand), check it out at the library. Or buy a used copy here at Amazon. It really is one of those books (like Strunk & White) that should be on your office bookshelf.
For the record, progressives have a similar sage in our corner — George Lakoff, author of Don’t Think of an Elephant. Good book, but, ironically, too wordy and long.